"Active planetary cover" concept and long-term evolution of planetary climate <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="pik_neu.css" type="text/css"> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" leftmargin="0" topmargin="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" > <table width="101%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" name="layout" > <tr> <td rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top"> <img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1"></td> <td align="left" valign="top" height="108"> <table width="521" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" name="header" height="108"> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="20" height="5"></td> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="85" height="5"></td> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="20" height="5"></td> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="313" height="5"></td> <td align="left" valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"></td> <td align="left" valign="top" colspan="4"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="20" height="10"></td> <td align="left" valign="bottom"> </td> <td align="left" valign="bottom"> </td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" class="singleline"> </td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="3"><a href="http://www.pik-potsdam.de"><img src="images/logo.gif" width="82" height="82" border="0"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="20" height="24"></td> <td align="left" valign="top" colspan="3"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="20" height="64"></td> <td colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><a href="http://www.pik-potsdam.de/"><img src="images/titel.gif" width="418" height="40" border="0"></a></td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"> <table width="92%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" name="content" > <tr valign="top"> <td align="left"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="20" height="1"></td> <td align="left"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="235" height="5"></td> <td align="left" width="100%"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="135" height="5"></td> <td align="left"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="40" height="20"></td> <td align="left"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="180" height="1"></td> <td align="left"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"> </td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" colspan="2"><span class="header_page">Werner von Bloh </span><br> <img src="images/orange.gif" width="100%" height="1"></td> <td align="left" valign="bottom"><img src="images/orange.gif" width="40" height="1"></td> <td align="left" valign="bottom"><img src="images/orange.gif" width="180" height="1"></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="20" height="44"></td> <td align="left" valign="bottom" colspan="2" height="3"> <span class="header">"Active planetary cover" concept and long-term evolution of planetary climate</span> </td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="2"> </td> <td align="left" valign="top" rowspan="2" class="body"> <p><br><a href="../homepage/welcome.html">Werner von Bloh</a><img src="images/home2.gif" width="15" height="13"><br> <img src="images/purple.gif" width="180" height="1" vspace="3"><br> <a href="../homepage/welcome.html#projects">Projects involved</a><br> <img src="images/purple.gif" width="180" height="1" vspace="3"><br> <a href="../homepage/teaching">Teaching</a><br> <img src="images/purple.gif" width="180" height="1" vspace="3"><br> <a href="welcome.html">Publications</a><br> <img src="images/purple.gif" width="180" height="1" vspace="3"><br> <a href="../homepage/cv.html">Curriculum Vitae</a><br> <img src="images/purple.gif" width="180" height="1" vspace="3"><br> <a href="../parallel.html">Parallel programming</a><br> <img src="images/purple.gif" width="180" height="1" vspace="3"><br> <a href="../intranet">My intranet pages</a><br> <img src="images/purple.gif" width="180" height="1" vspace="3"><br> <a href="../mpeg">Animations</a><br> <img src="images/purple.gif" width="180" height="1" vspace="3"><br> <a href="../extern.html">External links</a><br> <img src="images/purple.gif" width="180" height="1" vspace="3"><br> </p></td> </tr> <tr align="left" valign="top"> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"><p><br>  <p class="body">Y. M. Svirezhev, A. Block and <A HREF="../homepage">W. von Bloh</A><br><br> <I>In: W.E. Krumbein, D.M. Paterson and G.A. Zavarzin (eds.), Fossil and Recent Biofilms, A Natural History of Life on Earth, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht/ Boston/ London, 415-427 (2003)</I> <P class="body"><A HREF="http://www.pik-potsdam.de">Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research</A> (PIK), Telegrafenberg, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany.</p> <p> <span class="header"><A NAME="part1">Abstract</A><br> <img src="images/purple.gif" width="100%" height="1"></span></p> <P class=body> Earth's surface skin can be characterised as the living boundary layer between the pedosphere and the atmosphere. Via various processes, this highly structured "bio-film" regulates the accumulation of energy and substances, their transformation and transportation and, in particular, the exchange of substances between atmosphere and sub-surface soils. Defining an "active planetary cover" (active planetary surface) as a dynamical system which directly dominates overall climatic processes and, in turn, is influenced by the climate, multiple equilibria states are generated which are determined by using the "virtual biospheres" concept (Svirezhev, 1994). New results concerning the early stages of Earth's history (2 - 3 aeons ago) are achieved by regarding only one large and flat continent surrounded by mountains avoiding any contact to the slightly acid ocean existing at that time: The model-continent is thought to be covered by shallow water-bodies: epicontinental seas which were ideal niches for the Cyanobacter microbial mats (CBM) generating an early photosynthetic ecosphere according to Zavarzin's biosphere approach. In accordance with thermodynamics calculations this system transforms the atmosphere of juvenile gases to an atmosphere containing of 1% of CO<sub>2</sub> and 8% of O<sub>2</sub> during one billion year forming a hot atmosphere with temperatures ~40 - 50°C and the pressure of about ~5 - 8 bar. After intensive orographic processes the depth of intercontinental seas increases and the early biosphere of the CBM perishes. </p> <P class=body>Full text of article incl. figures in <A HREF="../pdffile/juri.pdf">PDF-format</A>.</P> </td> </tr> <tr align="left" valign="top"> <td> </td> <td class="body" colspan="2"> <p><br> </p></td> <td class="body"> </td> <td class="body"> </td> </tr> <tr align="left" valign="top"> <td> </td> <td class="body" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="body"> </td> <td class="body"> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="bottom"> <table width="500" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr align="left" valign="top"> <td><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="20" height="1"></td> <td><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="140" height="1"></td> <td> </td> <td><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="400" height="1"></td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td class="body"><a href="http://www.pik-potsdam.de/impressum">Impressum © PIK 2006</a></td> <td> </td> <td class="body"> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>